Communicating Delta PLC Software to Simulator. Introduction to Steam Turbines 2. The fuel-firing equipment of a steam generator should completely burn the fuel used in the furnace to release as much energy as possible. Forced (i.e., positive) Circulation boiler: In this, the water is the circulated by mechanical means (pumps). Because of differences in features and characteristics of different boilers, the boilers can be classified on the basis of the following: Mode of circulation of working fluid (water), Shape of tubes and their spatial position. First pass: The hot flue gases from the fuel burnt in the furnace first travel up to back of the boiler through flue tubes and then at the end of first path they are deflected by dampener in the downward direction towards the bottom flue to start second pass. Classification Steam Generator Boiler Fuel Fossil, Waste, Nuclear Tube Contain Fire Tube, Water Tube Furnace Natural, Pressurized, Induced, Balance Pressure Method Water of Firing Circulation of Steam Externally, Internally, HRSG Natural, Forced Low, Medium, High Prepared by: Mohammad Shoeb Siddiqui Sr. 01 Steam generators Art. They rarely exceed about 1,500 Megawatts (2 million horsepower) on the top end and are used on a small scale as well, down to about 500 kW (670 horsepower) on the low end. For some business types, there may be a similar industry to SIC Code 3511 - Steam, Gas, and Hydraulic Turbines, and Turbine Generator Set Units that is a better classification match. The output of a railroad steam generator is low pressure, saturated steam that is passed through a system of pipes and conduits throughout the length of the train. In steam turbine the energy of the steam is transferred into kinetic energy by expansion through nozzles, and the kinetic energy of the resulting jet is in turn converted into force doing work on rings of blades mounted on a rotating part. Steam and feedwater together is called working fluid. After completing three passes, the two streams of the flue gases from side flue meet again in the main flue where they finally discharged to atmosphere through the chimney. Pyrogenfree dry, saturated Steam that is generally produced by a Pure Steam Generator and which when condensed shall meet the requirements of WFI Pure steam is steam with small soiling, suitable for direct effect on sterilizer goods like group II according DIN 58950 Pharmatec GmbH Classification of the steam turbine:-According to the different principles of doing work, the steam turbine can be divided into impulse type and reaction type.The steam turbine can be classified into the following types according to its thermal power process: Electrical powered boilers– generate steam by the application of electrical energy. Steam sterilizers and autoclaves are a prerequisite for a reliable instrument decontamination workflow in practice and clinic. Steam generator — This method also involves heating a container with coils, but the water is contained in a sealed, pressurized tank rather than being open to the air. Cochran, Cornish, Lancashire and locomotive boilers are low pressure boilers. Information is presented on the analysis of two baseline eddy current inspections of the generator. Based on exhaust condition: This is not the only type of steam generator used (some horizontal in Russian plants and some once-through steam generators in US PWRs), but still the dominant type used. Its common to classify steam systems as. 1. Blade and stage design Smaller HRSG units operate on single pressure. If the superheated steam is not required, the damper to the superheater U-tubes is closed as shown in Fig 27.4 and the other damper to the bottom flue is opened thus the hot gasses by passing superheater U-tubes and flows directly into the bottom flue and also valve V3 is opened and valve V1 and V2 are closed and passing boiler steam directly out to main steam outlet through valve V3. Generally, a steam boiler is a type of closed container, designed with steel for heating the water to generate steam by some energy source like burning of fuel with eventually. In water-tube boiler, water flows inside the tubes and the hot flue gases flow outside the tubes. Pressure of Steam: Boilers may be classified according to steam pressure in the boiler. The steam turbines are classified based on many factors like exhaust condition, stage design, steam flow, shaft design, types of drive etc. This website uses cookies to improve your experience. Figure 27.2 shows the water-tube boiler. It is used for separating out suspended water particles contained in the steam and allowing as far as possible the dry steam through the stop valve. 27.2.1. Man hole is provided for the entrance of a man inside the boiler shell and is required for cleaning, inspection and repairing of the boiler. Nature of heat Source: Depending on the nature of heat source, boilers can be classified as: Fuel fired boiler – These derive their heat energy by combustion of fuel which may be solid, liquid, or gaseous. Figure 27.4 shows the front view, sectional side view and top view of a Lancashire boiler and its brickwork setting. Steam systems can be classified by pressure, method for returning condensate and/or pipe lay out. 27.1. come under this category and are discussed in detail in this lesson and next lesson. Classification of Steam Systems by Pressure. (ii) Path of steam flow: The feed water is supplied uniformly to the shell by a perforated feed pipe controlled by a feed valve. Low pressure boiler: the steam pressure in boiler is below 80 bar. The forced circulation helps in to increase the water circulation along with uniform heat distribution throughout the boiler water thus results in rapid steam generation at high pressure. A steam generator is a complex integration of furnance, superheater, reheater, boiler or evaporator, economiser and air preheater along with various auxiliaries such as pulverizers, burners, fans, stokers, dust collectors and … A turbine stage consists of a stationary set of blades called as nozzles, and a moving set adjacent thereto, called buckets or rotor blades. To remove these water particles, the steam in the steam space first passes through the anti-priming pipe before it comes to the steam main pipe through a steam stop valve or it may move to the superheater. Steam Generator N/A N/A 5 Piping Gas 1 6 Piping Gas 2 7 Piping Liquid 1 8 Piping Liquid 2 9 The demarcation lines in the classification charts indicate the upper limit for each PED hazard category. The steam expands in both the fixed nozzles and the rotating buckets. In order to better understand turbine operation, five basic classifications are discussed. Type of Fuel: According to the use of fuel in boiler, the boilers are classified as, a) Coal fired boiler: Pulverized coal fired, Stoker fired and Hand fired, 27.2.15. Gas Passage: The fire-tube boilers may be classified as (a) Single pass (b) Multi Pass, according to number of gas passages through a cylindrical shell. Our steam generator import data solutions meet your actual import requirements in quality, volume, seasonality, and geography. (ii) "Class I, Division 2. The below list shows the detailed classification of steam turbines. Type of compounding refers to the use of blading which causes a series of pressure drops, a series of velocity drops, or a combination of the two. Fire-tube boiler. A steam boiler in which steam is generated at pressure exceeding 15 psi or a boiler in which hot water is generated at pressure exceeding 160 psi and/or temperature exceeding 250 o F 2. 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